심각한 피해나 재앙을 초래하여 파괴적인 결과를 낳는.
Causing or tending to cause great damage, destruction, or disaster.
예문:
"The drought had a ruinous impact on the local farming community."
"A ruinous scandal forced the politician to resign immediately."
"The sudden increase in tariffs led to a ruinous trade war."
건물이나 장소가 낡고 허물어져서 황폐해진.
Fallen into a state of decay or disintegration; in ruins.
예문:
"They explored the ruinous remains of the medieval castle."
"Vines crawled over the ruinous walls of the abandoned factory."
"The once-grand mansion had become a ruinous shell of its former self."
감당하기 힘들 정도로 비용이 많이 들어 경제적 파산을 초래하는.
Costing far more than can be reasonably afforded; leading to financial ruin.
예문:
"The company faced ruinous legal fees after the prolonged court battle."
"Borrowing money at such ruinous interest rates is a recipe for disaster."
"The cost of maintaining the estate proved to be ruinous for the family."