이슬람 제국의 최고 통치자이자 종교적 수장으로, 예언자 무함마드의 계승자로 여겨지는 칭호.
The chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad, who held authority over the Islamic empire.
예문:
"The Abbasid caliph ruled from Baghdad during the Islamic Golden Age."
"In 1924, the office of the caliph was officially abolished by the Republic of Turkey."
"The caliph's authority extended across vast territories from Spain to India."
이슬람 공동체의 영적 지도자로, 해당 공동체 창시자의 계승자로 간주되는 인물.
The spiritual leader of an Islamic community, often regarded as the successor of the community's founder.
예문:
"The community looked to their caliph for guidance on matters of faith and law."
"Each branch of the movement recognized a different caliph as their legitimate head."