과학, 기술, 학문 분야 등에서 정체 상태를 벗어나 갑자기 이루어낸 획기적인 발전이나 중요한 발견.
A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development, especially in a field of study or technology, that solves a long-standing problem or opens up new possibilities.
예문:
"The new fusion reactor design represents a massive breakthrough in sustainable energy research."
"Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough in treating Alzheimer's disease within the next decade."
"Her team finally achieved a major breakthrough after years of tireless experimentation."
오랜 난관이나 정체 상태를 극복하고 성공을 거두거나 중요한 목표를 달성하는 행위.
An instance of achieving significant success, especially after a period of difficulty, or overcoming a major obstacle or deadlock.
예문:
"After months of tense negotiations, the diplomats finally reached a breakthrough on the trade agreement."
"The young artist's breakthrough came when her painting was featured in a prestigious gallery exhibition."
백신 접종이나 이전 감염 등으로 면역이 형성된 상태임에도 불구하고 질병에 감염되어 증상이 나타나는 경우.
(Often used attributively, e.g., 'breakthrough infection') A symptomatic case of a disease occurring in an individual who has been fully protected by vaccination or prior infection.
예문:
"Public health officials are tracking the number of breakthrough COVID-19 cases."
"Although rare, breakthrough infections are usually milder than cases in unvaccinated individuals."
"The study examined why some vaccinated patients experienced a breakthrough illness."